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Glossary

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Al dente

Italian for "to the tooth." Used to describe perfectly cooked pasta that is tender but still a bit chewy

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Bake

To cook with hot, dry air in an oven

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Batter

A mixture made from ingredients used to make cakes, cookies, and pancakes

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Boil

To heat a liquid until bubbles constantly rise to its surface

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Broth

A liquid rich with flavours of meat, seafood, or vegetables

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Carbonation

Process that occurs when carbon dioxide dissolves into water causing it to fizz

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Chocolate

 A food often prepared in the form of a paste or solid block made from roasted and ground cacao seeds, typically sweetened

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Concentrate

A denser or stronger liquid that has water removed from it

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Couscous

A type of North African semolina (pasta) shaped like granules which are made from crushed durum wheat.

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Cream

To mix ingredients together until they are smooth and creamy

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Dissolve

To mix a fine-textured, solid substance such as sugar or salt, with a liquid until the solid disappears

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Dredging

To coat wet foods with dry ingredients

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Dust

To cover  food, hands, or work surface with a powdery substance such as flour or confectioner's sugar

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Flip

To turn an ingredient over usually with a spatula and a quick twist of the wrist

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Garnish

To decorate a dish before serving. Also, the food used to decorate a dish.

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Hummus

A mixture of mashed chickpeas, garlic, and other ingredients to enhance or change the taste

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Knead

To work dough with your hands, using pressing folding, and turning motions.

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Mash

To break down soft food by pressing on it with a fork, potato masher, or other tool

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Mix

To stir together dry or wet ingredients until combined

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Pinch

The amount of a dry ingredient that can picked up between your thumb, index, and or middle finger.  Less than ⅛ teaspoon

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Prick

To make indentations to the surface of a food, pastry, or container. Usually with a fork

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Refrigerate 

To place food into the refrigerator to chill or firm

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Rise

The action of the gas being released by the yeast, baking powder, or baking soda in dough

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Room Temperature

A comfortable neutral temperature used to soften, cool or defrost food

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Set

When a liquid congeals, a dough, or batter becomes more solid as it cooks or cools

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Shred

To cut an ingredient on the medium or large holes of a box grater

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Snip

To cut delicate ingredients into tiny pieces using kitchen scissors

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Steam

To cook food with the hot steam that rises from boiling water

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Sugar

A sweet substance from sugar cane and sugar beet. It is used as a sweetener in food and drink.

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Tofu

Bean curd made from mashed soybeans. It is used primarily in Asian and vegetarian dishes.

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Vanilla Extract

A liquid flavouring made from vanilla beans

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Whisk

To stir a liquid with a whisk by adding air, increasing the volume

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Alfalfa Sprouts

Little green sprouts grown from alfalfa seeds. They are used to add crisp texture to salads and sandwiches

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Baking Powder

A mixture of sodium bicarbonate, acidic substances, and a starch or flour. It is often used instead of yeast in baking

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Beat

To mix ingredients vigorously, stirring with a spoon, fork, or beaters in a circular motion

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Bon Appetit

French saying meaning to "enjoy your meal"

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Brown

To cook food until it turns a light golden or dark brown colour

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Carving

To cut and or design food from its natural state into sliced pieces or food art

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Chop

To cut food into tiny pieces. Finely chopped pieces are small; coarsely chapped pieces are large

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Consistency

How thick, thin, fine, coarse, smooth, or lumpy an ingredient or mixture of ingredients is

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Confectioners Sugar

Finely powdered sugar with cornstarch added

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Crush

To press down on an ingredient to reduce it to a paste or a powder

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Divide

To split a batch of dough or batter or individual ingredients into smaller, usually equal batches

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Drain

To pour off liquid, leaving solids behind. This is done using a colander or strainer

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Edible

Able to be eaten

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Flour

A powder obtained by grinding grain, typically wheat. Used to make bread, cakes, and pastries.

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Grate

To draw food, such as cheese, across a surface of small, sharp-edged holes on a box grater-shredder.

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Invert

To turn a piece of cookware upside down so that the food falls gently onto a cooling rack or a dish

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Lengthwise

Food positioned or cut in the same direction as or parallel to the longest side

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Melt

To heat a solid substance until it becomes liquid

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Molasses

A thick brown syrup that is separated from raw sugar

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Pitted

An item with the centre pit removed

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Puree

To mash one or more ingredients until reduced to a smooth consistency

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Reheat

Heating an item through that was previously cooked

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Roasting

A cooking method that uses dry heat where hot air covers the food, cooking it evenly on all sides from an open flame or oven

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Sauté

To cook food on the stove top with a skillet with little liquid or oil

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Set Aside

To transfer or put ingredients to the side while completing a different part of the recipe

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Simmer

To cook a liquid at just below the boiling point. The surface should small bubbles around the edge

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Soften

To let an ingredient sit at room temperature until soft enough to spread

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Stir

To move a spoon, fork, which, or other utensil continuously through dry or wet ingredients in a circular motion

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Tender

State in which food is cooked and is soft enough to cut through and easily chew

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Toss

To mix ingredients by tumbling them together with two spoons or two forks

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Vermicelli

A thinner rounder rice noodle

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Yeast

A microscopic fungus that makes dough rise

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Appetizers 

A food or drink that stimulates the appetite. Served before meals

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Basting

To moisten with a liquid during the cooking process

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Blend

To combine two or more ingredients thoroughly. Often takes using an electric blender

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Broil

To cook food under a direct intense radiant heat

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Buffet

A meal where multiple foods and dishes are set out and people can eat as much as they want

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Chill

To refrigerate food until it is cold

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Coat

To cover the surface of a food or a piece of equipment with butter, oil, flour, crumbs, or other ingredients

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Cool

To let food sit at room temperature until it is no longer hot

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Cream

A thick white fatty liquid which can be eaten in desserts or used as a cooking ingredient.

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Dice

To chop food into small even size square pieces

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Double Boil

Where contents of the upper pot can be cooked or heated by boiling water in the lower pot

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Drizzle

To pour liquid or icing over food in a thin stream

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Eggs

A food product produced from poultry. It is used as an ingredient and a main dish for baked foods

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Fold

To gently combine ingredients together from top to bottom until mixed together

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Grease

To rub a pan or baking dish with fat, such as butter or vegetable shortening, to prevent sticking

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Julienne

To slice fruits, vegetables and meats into strips that resemble matchsticks.

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Line

To cover a pan with aluminum foil, waxed paper, or parchment paper to prevent food from sticking

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Mince

To cut food into very small pieces

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Opaque

Not being able to see through

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Preheat

To set the oven to heat up to a specific temperature

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Reduce (Heat)

To turn down the heat. Reducing the heat takes place on the stove, oven, barbecue and anything that controls the temperature

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Ripe

When food is fully developed and ready to be eaten

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Roll out

To flatten dough with a rolling pin or flat object to smooth, even and thin out

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Season to Taste

The addition of salt, pepper, and other spices/seasonings to food until it is to your liking

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Shortening

A solid fat made from vegetable oil and used in cooking and baking

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Slice

To cut food lengthwise or crosswise with a knife. Food could be thinly or thickly sliced

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Spread

To apply a soft mixture or ingredient  over another food in an even layer

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Stir-fry

An Asian cooking method where ingredients are in a small amount of hot oil being  stirred or tossed

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Thicken

When food changes from a thin runny consistency to a thicker firmer one

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Trim

To cut away any unneeded or inedible parts

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Whip

To be beat rapidly with a whisk, electric mixer, or an eggbeater

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Zest

The thin layer on the outer layer of the peel of citrus fruit

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